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Types of Anxiety Disorders Everyone experiences anxiety and fear at times, but if these feelings are extreme or persistent and disrupt daily life, they could indicate an anxiety disorder. Talk therapy or psychotherapy and medications are effective treatments. First, see your doctor to rule out any physical conditions that might be the cause of your symptoms. A psychiatrist or another mental health specialist can diagnose the kind of anxiety disorder you have. Generalized anxiety disorder Everyone is anxious every now and then, and there can be good reasons to worry about things such as job obligations, health or financial. When the worry becomes continuous and engulfs your life, it could be a more severe anxiety disorder, also known as generalized anxiety disorder. People suffering from GAD experience feelings of dread that influence their lives for the rest of their lives and are often hard to manage. They tend to expect the worst and assume that minor problems will turn into major catastrophes. GAD can be a problem for anyone, and it usually begins in the adolescent years or early childhood however it can happen at any age. It is twice as common among women and the newly born female. GAD can trigger physical symptoms, like stomachaches and headaches, as well as make it difficult to sleep. It can also cause people to feel depressed and self-esteem erode. It can interfere with work and social activities. People with severe, chronic GAD are at a greater risk of depression. However treatment can help manage both conditions. The exact cause of anxiety disorders is unknown, they appear to be caused by genetics and changes in brain structure that affect the way your body reacts to stress. Certain experts believe that an imbalance of neurotransmitters inside the brain plays in. GAD is not curable, however it can be controlled with psychotherapy (talk-therapy) and medications. Psychotherapy or talk therapy comprises several treatments that help you identify and change negative thoughts, emotions and behaviours. panic anxiety disorder (CBT) is a kind of talk therapy that will assist you in overcoming your thoughts and patterns of thinking that are distorted and lessen your anxiety by engaging them. Medications can help relieve some physical symptoms, including dizziness and heart palpitations. These include antidepressants and benzodiazepines and some medicines to treat seizures, like hydroxyzine. GAD isn't easy to identify and is therefore important to get assistance if you begin to notice worrying and other symptoms of the disorder. It is easier to treat if you seek assistance early, before anxiety and physical symptoms take over your life. Panic disorder This type of anxiety disorder is marked by repeated episodes of sudden feelings of extreme terror and fear that reach a peak within minutes (panic attacks). The disorder can also trigger chest pain, shortness of breath or the feeling that your heart is racing or beating (heart palpitations). They often worry that their symptoms are signs of a heart attack. People who have panic disorder are at risk of developing other anxiety disorders and could be at increased risk of depression and other health issues, such as hyperthyroidism or asthma. The root cause of anxiety disorders isn't well understood however, experts believe that they develop from a combination of factors. Certain studies suggest that they could be related to the malfunctioning of circuits in our brain that regulate the emotions and fear. Other studies suggest that genetics, life experiences like childhood abuse or traumatic events are common causes of anxiety disorders. Many people who have an anxiety disorder have a first-degree relative who suffers from the disorder. People with anxiety disorders may be worried constantly even though they know that their fears are not rational. This can result in difficulties when it comes to social situations, work or at school. People with anxiety disorders may are also unable to sleep or eating well. They might also experience muscle tension, irritability, and difficulty concentrating. A person with generalized anxiety disorder is likely to have numerous worries regarding daily tasks, like the demands of their job or family issues. They may also be irritable and fatigued, or have difficulty concentration. They might also worry about their own safety or that of others. The good news is that there are effective treatments for anxiety disorders. Treatments include psychotherapy, medicine and complementary health practices. A mental health professional can help determine the cause of your symptoms and recommend the appropriate treatment. Talk therapy or psychotherapy can help you deal with anxiety and decrease panic attacks. Several types of psychotherapy are available, including cognitive behavior therapy and exposure response prevention. These therapies can be done individually or in groups. Social anxiety disorder Although many people feel nervous or shy in certain situations, social anxiety disorder can cause such intense anxiety, fear and avoidance of social interactions that it interferes with everyday life activities. It can manifest in the early years of adulthood, however it usually starts in childhood. It can manifest itself as anxiety in specific social situations such as speaking in class or going out on a date. It could also be more widespread and include avoidance of all situations that could result in being assessed. Although the person suffering from SAD recognizes that their fear is irrational, they still feel helpless to overcome it. They try to manage the symptoms by avoiding situations that cause anxiety, but this makes them feel even more anxious. They might also develop “safety behavior” to lessen their anxiety. For instance, they might drink alcohol, avoid talking to others or avoid eye contact. Certain people suffering from SAD may benefit from medication along with psychological therapy. These drugs, also referred to as antidepressants, may aid in balancing the levels of neurotransmitters in the brain. Some examples of these medications are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). It is crucial that you or someone you love receives treatment if they have social anxiety disorder. If left untreated, the disorder can be debilitating and cause other mental health issues such as depression or addiction to substances. If you or someone you know has suicidal thoughts, call 911 or your local crisis line or text TALK to 741741 and speak with a trained crisis counselor. Only 1 in 4 people with anxiety disorders receive treatment. Treatment is impeded by an absence of awareness of anxiety disorders , the lack of investment in mental health services, and stigma. It's also important to make sure that your healthcare provider is aware of the various types of anxiety disorders to ensure that you will be appropriately diagnosed and treated. If you're unsure if you have an anxiety disorder, ask your doctor to refer you to an expert in mental health or use an online screening tool. Specific fears A person with a specific phobia experiences a constant and intense fear of one or more objects or situations such as animals, objects, or people. These fears are often in contrast to the danger that the object or event poses, but they can cause distress and interfere in everyday functioning. Particular phobias differ from other anxiety disorders in that they cause anxiety around only one stimulus, instead of multiple stimuli. The feared object or situation may be anything from dogs to heights to flying to injections to crowded spaces. This is a common occurrence and is more common in males than women, and tends to begin in childhood or adolescence. Certain phobias aren't unreasonable fears, but the fear is real. Children who have specific fears typically overcome them. However, if the phobia persists into adulthood, it can be difficult to treat. Doctors diagnose the disorder based on the symptoms reported and their impact on everyday functioning. Before diagnosing a phobia, doctors exclude other conditions that have similar symptoms such as agoraphobia, or social anxiety disorder. In the past DSM editions, patients of adult age needed to recognize their irrational fear as a part of the diagnosis, but the 2013 edition says this is no longer required for adults. There are two kinds of treatment for specific phobias: cognitive behavioral therapy and exposure therapy. Cognitive behavioral therapy is focused on altering the way people respond to their fears and teaches them better coping strategies. Exposure-based therapy involves gradual and systematic exposure to the subject or event that you are afraid of. The patient might begin by thinking about the object or situation and then move to looking at pictures of the subject, then taking a step toward it (such as walking by an elevator), holding the toy snake, taking it to a zoo and looking at real snakes, and then taking a ride in an elevator that is crowded. Although this type of therapy does not solve phobias, it can significantly reduce the intensity of its symptoms. Psychotherapy and medication such as antidepressants or anti-anxiety drugs are also options to treat certain phobias. People with specific phobias who test these therapies often report improved outcomes.